Abstract: Lesi sihloko sizohlola izinguquko zokumelana lapho intambo yokumelana iba mncane. Ngokuhlaziya ubudlelwano phakathi kwentambo yokumelana nezamanje kanye ne-voltage, sizochaza ukuthi ukuncishiswa kwentambo yokumelana kuholela ekwandeni noma ekwehleni kokumelana, futhi sihlole ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene.

isingeniso:

Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, ukumelana kuwumqondo obaluleke kakhulu womzimba. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi basenokungabaza okuthile ngezizathu zezinguquko zokumelana. Omunye wemibuzo uwukuthi, ingabe ukumelana kuzokhula noma kwehle lapho intambo yokumelana iba mncane? Lesi sihloko sizojula kulolu daba futhi sisize abafundi basuse ukudideka kwabo.

1. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwentambo yokumelana, yamanje, nokumelana

Okokuqala, sidinga ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwezintambo zokumelana, zamanje, nokumelana. Ngokomthetho ka-Ohm, yamanje (I) ilingana nokumelana (R) futhi ihambisana ngokuphambene ne-voltage (V). Okusho ukuthi, I=V/R. Kule fomula, ukumelana (R) kuyipharamitha ebalulekile yocingo lokumelana.

2. Ukuncipha kocingo lokumelana: kubangela ukwanda noma ukuncipha kokumelana?

Okulandelayo, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe izinguquko zokumelana lapho ucingo lokumelana luba luncane. Lapho intambo yokumelana iba mncane, indawo yayo ephambanayo iyancipha. Ngokusekelwe ebudlelwaneni obuphakathi kokumelana nendawo ephambanayo yocingo lokumelana (R=ρ L/A, lapho u-ρ ewukumelana, u-L ubude, futhi u-A uyindawo ephambanayo), singabona ukuthi ukwehla endaweni ephambanayo kuzoholela ekwandeni kokumelana.

3. Amacala okunciphisa izintambo zokumelana nezinkambu zokufaka isicelo

Nakuba kuyiqiniso ngokwethiyori ukuthi ukuncishiswa kocingo lokumelana kuholela ekwenyukeni kokumelana, ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo, singabona ukuthi kukhona nezimo lapho ukuncipha kocingo lokumelana kuholela ekwehleni kokumelana. Isibonelo, kwamanye amadivaysi okumelana nokunemba okuphezulu, ngokulawula usayizi wentambo yokumelana, ukulungiswa okuhle kwenani lokumelana kungafinyelelwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kwesifunda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuma-thermistors, ukuncipha kocingo lokumelana nakho kungaholela ekwehleni kokumelana. I-thermistor iyisici esisebenzisa izinguquko zezinga lokushisa ukuze iguqule inani lokumelana. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izinto zocingo lokumelana zizokhula, okwenza ucingo lokumelana lube mncane, ngaleyo ndlela lubangele ukuncipha kokumelana. Lesi sici sisetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa nokulawula.

4. Isiphetho

Ngokuhlaziywa kobudlelwane phakathi kwentambo yokumelana kanye nezamanje kanye ne-voltage, singaphetha ngokuthi ukunciphisa ucingo lokumelana kuzoholela ekwandeni kokumelana. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo zesicelo esikhethekile, ukuncipha kocingo lokumelana nakho kungaholela ekwehleni kokumelana, okuncike kakhulu ezicini zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.

Isifinyezo:

Lesi sihloko sicubungula odabeni lokushintsha kokumelana okubangelwa ukuncishiswa kwezintambo zokumelana. Ngombono, ucingo oluncane lokumelana luzoholela ekwandeni kokumelana; Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo, kukhona nezimo eziholela ekwehleni kokumelana. Sishilo izimo ezithile emikhakheni yohlelo lokusebenza, ebonisa ukwehlukahlukana nokuguquguquka kwezintambo ezinciphayo ezikwazi ukumelana nezinga. Ngalesi sihloko, abafundi bangathola ukuqonda okubanzi komthelela we-thinning resizintambo ze-istance, kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa kwazo nezici ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo.