Ingxube Yokushisa Kagesi - Iqoqo Lemboni Eyodwa, Umgwaqo Owodwa, Nomoya Owodwa

Inkampani ekhiqiza ama-alloy okushisa kagesi ingawuchaza kanjani? Umkhiqizo noma uhlobo? KuShougang Gitane, i-alloy yokushisa kagesi ifana kakhulu nophawu olushisayo - oluzelwe futhi oluphilayo ngenxa yalo.

Ngo-2001, uTao Ke, owayesanda kuphothula eyunivesithi eneziqu ezinkulu zezinto zokwakha, weza eBeijing Shougang Steel Wire Factory eseChangping District, eBeijing waba uchwepheshe kule fektri. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 kamuva, uTao Ke, oseyisekela lomphathi jikelele weShougang Gitane, usakhumbula kahle lezo zinsuku.

'Ukulahlekelwa' kwakuyisibonakaliso sangempela senkampani ngaleso sikhathi, isikhathi esinzima kakhulu kwakuyizinyanga ezintathu ngaphandle komholo. Indoda endala eyayikhathazekile efektri yabhekana nabafundi basekolishi abasha, yemba izinto ezaziqoqwe yinkampani amashumi eminyaka futhi sezigcwele uthuli, futhi yabafundisa ngobuqotho ukusebenzisa ubuhlakani babo kanye nethalente ukwenza imikhiqizo yenkampani ibe mihle. Kulezi zinto, bazizwa ubuhle baleli bhizinisi okokuqala futhi bathuthukisa nezifiso kanye nokuzethemba ngekusasa lalo.

Ngo-1926, ilungelo lobunikazi lokuqala emhlabeni le-iron chromium aluminium alloy lakhiwa eSweden. Kusukela ngo-1935 kuya ku-1945, iSweden, iSoviet Union, i-United States, kanye neJapane zaphumelela ngokulandelana ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ze-iron chromium aluminium heating alloys. Ngo-1960, iSoviet Union yabeka ukuvimba kwezomnotho ezweni lethu, yadabula izinkontileka, yanqamula usizo lobuchwepheshe, futhi yahoxisa ochwepheshe, okwaletha ubunzima obukhulu ekwakhiweni kwezomnotho kwezwe lethu okwakusanda kuqala. Ngesikhathi esinzima sokwakhiwa kwezomnotho kazwelonke, amakhulu abasebenzi eHaidian Electric Wire Factory baqhubekisela phambili umoya wokusebenza kanzima nokuzimela, baqala kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi basebenzisana nochwepheshe be-metallurgical ukuze banqobe ubunzima obuningi. Bazama ngempumelelo ukukhiqiza i-molybdenum electric heating alloy yezitimela, eyayisivele imisiwe yiSoviet Union futhi yayidingeka ngokushesha ekuthuthukisweni komnotho waseShayina, igcwalisa igebe ekukhiqizweni kwemboni ye-metallurgical yaseShayina. Ngemva kwalokho, ifektri yaguqulwa ngokusemthethweni yaba yiBeijing Steel Wire Factory, egxile ekukhiqizeni izinto zokusetshenziswa zezimboni zensimbi ye-alloy ekhethekile njengocingo lokushisa lukagesi, ucingo lokumelana, kanye ne-strip (owandulela iBeijing Shougang Steel Wire Factory, eyaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iBeijing Shougang Gitane New Materials Co., Ltd. ngo-2008).

Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinyathelo ezingenakugwenywa, amafektri ayehlonyiswe ngezitofu ezinamandla zokuncibilikisa i-lead, futhi ngisho nendawo ngayinye yokusebenzela yayinegridi enkulu yamakholomu, kanye nabaphathi bezinqubo ababelwe isikhundla ngasinye somsebenzi. Ngokuphambene nalokhu, eminyakeni eyi-10 kuphela kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-1980, bathole imiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi engaphezu kuka-200 futhi benza iminikelo ebalulekile kumaphrojekthi e-China amakhemikhali, ezokuthutha, ezempi, ezokwakha izinsimbi, kanye neminye ingqalasizinda, baba yizingcweti ezinekhono "zebhuloho elidala" embonini yensimbi. Kodwa uma sibhekene neGitane enkathini entsha, inkazimulo yesikhathi somnotho esihleliwe imane nje iyisinyathelo ngesinyathelo uma kuqhathaniswa negagasi lomnotho wemakethe.

Ngawo-1970, ngaphansi kobuholi bokubambisana kobusoshiyali, isitshalo sensimbi sathumela onjiniyela abaningi eningizimu ukuzosiza ekwakheni imboni. Isitshalo esakhiwe kabusha kanye nesitshalo sensimbi kwakusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, futhi ngisho nemishini yayihlinzekwa yiBeijing. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukushiyeka kweqembu lezitshalo zegolide nezensimbi ezizimele kwadalulwa ngokushesha ezitsheni zensimbi. Ngaleso sikhathi, izimboni zensimbi zazisadonsa ingqondo yomnotho ohleliwe, zikhiqiza yonke imikhiqizo eyayifunwa yizwe, futhi zinakekela nezinto ezisetshenziselwa umthombo omkhulu wamawashi omshini. Kodwa-ke, isidingo semakethe sale mikhiqizo asinamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iGitane iyibhizinisi lokukhiqiza elinemikhiqizo eyahlukahlukene, futhi noma ngabe bafuna ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo eminingi, abakwazi ukuncintisana namabhizinisi aseningizimu. Okwesikhashana, indlela yokuthuthukisa isitshalo sensimbi isibe yinkinga ebakhathazayo.

Ngo-2002, ummeleli wamakhasimende eShougang Gitane wathola ukuthi imakethe yayithandwa kakhulu lapho evakashela amakhasimende aseningizimu. Ngaleso sikhathi, amanye amadolobha aseningizimu ayesanda kuthandwa ngama-heater amancane asekhaya, okwabeka phambili izidingo ezintsha zezinto zokufudumeza zikagesi - ezicolekile, ezicwengekile, nezithambile. Okubaluleke kakhulu, akukho mkhiqizo onjalo emakethe yasekhaya. Ngakho-ke, ukushintsha isakhiwo sebhizinisi elincane nelihlukahlukene, kugxile emkhakheni wezinsimbi zokufudumeza zikagesi, ngenkathi kulandela eduze imakethe nokuqinisa ucwaningo nentuthuko, kwaba ukukhetha okusha kwefektri ukuzama ukuphendula umbuzo wokubeka intuthuko ngaleso sikhathi.

Ukulungisa isakhiwo somkhiqizo kuyisilinganiso somholi wemboni, iKanthal Corporation yaseSweden. I-Shougang Gitane yathola ukuthi ukuze kube nentuthuko, kubalulekile ukutshala imikhiqizo "yembewu" yesikhathi esizayo - ama-alloy okushisa kagesi asebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngemuva kweminyaka yocwaningo nentuthuko, ngo-2017, i-Shougang Gitane "yakhipha" i-alloy yokushisa kagesi esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-SCRHZ, eyafakwa emakethe esezingeni eliphezulu ukuze ihlolwe. Eminyakeni emibili eyalandela, kwakuyisikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamakhasimende kanye nokuhlolwa okukhulu ngekusasa le-Shougang Gitane. Phakathi naleyo minyaka emibili, abazange benze noma yiziphi izingcingo inyanga yonke ukuze babuze ngokusebenza kahle kokuhlolwa. Ngemva kokulinda isikhathi eside, imakethe ekugcineni yabuyisa izindaba ezinhle - i-alloy yokushisa kagesi esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-Shougang Gitane ayihlukile ezintweni ezifanayo ezivela kubaholi bemboni, futhi ekugcineni yethulwe ukuze ikhushulwe.

Eminyakeni embalwa nje, isabelo semakethe se-Shougang Gitane high-performance electric heating alloy sesibekwe endaweni yesibili emhlabeni futhi sesokuqala eShayina. Amabhizinisi okukhiqiza i-electrical heating alloy ezweni lethu ahlinzeka kakhulu ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi, kanye namabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-50 eJiangsu, eShanghai, eHebei, eJiangsu, eShanghai, eHebei nakwezinye izindawo njengabahlinzeki abayinhloko.